Errata:

Erratum
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2007 31: viii. [Full Text] [PDF]  

Correction
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2007 31: 261. [Full Text] [PDF]  

Original Communications:

Arzu Gercek, Ozlem Yildirim, Deniz Konya, Suheyla Bozkurt, Serdar Ozgen, Turker Kilic, Aydin Sav, and Necmettin Pamir

Effects of Parenteral Fish-Oil Emulsion (Omegaven) on Cutaneous Wound Healing in Rats Treated With Dexamethasone
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2007 31: 161-166. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
We postulate that adding parenteral fish oil to the therapeutic regimen of patients receiving dexamethasone could further delay cutaneous wound healing. Giving parenteral Omegaven to rats treated with dexamethasone appears to reduce platelet-derived growth factor-AA (PDGF-AA) expression in wounds. Otherwise, this treatment does not appear to aggravate dexamethasone effects on wound healing in rats.

Xiaogang Li, Jiaoqian Ying, Shan Zeng, Liangfang Shen, Xiaoping Wan, Xiaorong Li, Hui Tan, Haiping Pei, Jun Zhou, and Hong Shen

A Short-Term Long-Chain Triglycerides Infusion Has No Influence on Immune Function of Adult Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Surgery
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2007 31: 167-172. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The experimental and clinical research results concerning the influences of long-chain triglycerides (LCT) on the immune system are contradictory. The results from this clinical trial demonstrate that a short-term LCT emulsion infusion does not affect human immune function in the adult patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery.

Robert Tepaske, Henk te Velthuis, Heleen M. Oudemans-van Straaten, Patrick M. M. Bossuyt, Marcus J. Schultz, León Eijsman, and Margreeth Vroom

Glycine Does Not Add to the Beneficial Effects of Perioperative Oral Immune-Enhancing Nutrition Supplements in High-Risk Cardiac Surgery Patients
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2007 31: 173-180. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Preoperative optimization of high-risk cardiac surgery patients with a standard preoperative oral immune-enhancing nutrition supplement compared with a control formula results in a reduced postoperative infectious morbidity and more stable circulation. The addition of extra glycine to the standard immune-enhancing formula did not result in further improvement.

Shizuko Abe, Yoshiaki Tanaka, Nobuaki Fujise, Tsuyoshi Nakamura, Hiroaki Masunaga, Takashi Nagasawa, and Minoru Yagi

An Antioxidative Nutrient-Rich Enteral Diet Attenuates Lethal Activity and Oxidative Stress Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Mice
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2007 31: 181-187. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Seven-day intake of an enteral diet supplemented with antioxidative nutrients increased serum antioxidant capacity of mice. The aforementioned diet also increased the survival rate, and attenuated levels of oxidized products and inflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged mice. The LPS model was used to represent critically ill patients that have experienced septicemia.

P. D. Steffan Loff, Ulrike Subotic, Jasmina Oulmi-Kagermann, Bettina Kränzlin, Maria-Franziska Reinecke, and Christiane Staude

Diethylhexylphthalate Extracted by Typical Newborn Lipid Emulsions From Polyvinylchloride Infusion Systems Causes Significant Changes in Histology of Rabbit Liver
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2007 31: 188-193. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
We showed in an in vivo model that lipid infusions through polyvinylchloride infusion lines cause toxic changes in the liver of young rabbits in the same dose, duration, and way of administration as in newborn infants. It is likely that diethylhexylphthalate is a substance that causes hepatobiliary dysfunction in newborns under parenteral nutrition.

C. Lawrence Kien, Ruth Blauwiekel, Carol H. Williams, Janice Yanushka Bunn, and Randal K. Buddington

Lactulose Feeding Lowers Cecal Densities of Clostridia in Piglets
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2007 31: 194-198. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Feeding an indigestible, fructose-containing disaccharide (lactulose) to piglets caused a marked reduction in the cecal density of clostridial species. These results may have relevance to the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis or to biochemical mechanisms explaining how fructooligosaccharides alter gut cell kinetics.

Li Hong, Jiang Wu, and Wei Cai

Glutathione Decreased Parenteral Nutrition–Induced Hepatocyte Injury in Infant Rabbits
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2007 31: 199-204. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
This study established an animal model of parenteral nutrition for 1-week-old New Zealand rabbits and found that parenteral nutrition (PN) can introduce liver injury, increase liver malondialdehyde level, and cause hepatocytes apoptosis. Antioxidant glutathione can reduce these effects. Oxidative stress and apoptosis may be the mechanisms of PN-associated hepatic dysfunction.

I. Tanswell, D. Barrett, C. Emm, W. Lycett, C. Charles, K. Evans, and S. D. Hearing

Assessment by a Multidisciplinary Clinical Nutrition Team Before Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Placement Reduces Early Postprocedure Mortality
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2007 31: 205-211. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
A study designed to assess the impact of a clinical nutrition team on post percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) survival. It supports recent NCEPOD (National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death) recommendations regarding the role of a nutrition team in the selection of patients for PEG placement and the importance of careful biochemical monitoring in the postprocedure period.

Sean E. McGarr and Donald F. Kirby

Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) Placement in the Overweight and Obese Patient
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2007 31: 212-216. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Many physicians have considered obesity a relative or even absolute contraindication to placement of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG). This retrospective review of our center’s experience over a 1-year period shows that PEG placement is possible and safe, especially at a center that performs a high volume of PEG procedures.

Jennifer R. Dobratz, Shalamar D. Sibley, Tiffany R. Beckman, Bret J. Valentine, Todd A. Kellogg, Sayeed Ikramuddin, and Carrie P. Earthman

Predicting Energy Expenditure in Extremely Obese Women
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2007 31: 217-227. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Six published prediction equations and several body weight adjustments for obesity were validated in extremely obese women. Adjusting body weight for obesity produced inaccurate estimates. The Mifflin-St Jeor prediction equation was most accurate when compared with measured resting energy expenditure, according to mean data analyses and individual data inspection.

Roland N. Dickerson, Laurie M. Morgan, Martin A. Croce, Gayle Minard, and Rex O. Brown

Treatment of Moderate to Severe Acute Hypocalcemia in Critically Ill Trauma Patients
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2007 31: 228-233. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The efficacy of a 4-g IV calcium gluconate infusion for moderate to severe hypocalcemia was examined in 20 trauma intensive care unit patients. This dosage was successful for achieving a serum ionized calcium concentration >1 mmol/L for 19 of 20 (95%) patients.

Olivia Saqui, Albert Chang, Sharon McGonigle, Brendan Purdy, Lydia Fairholm, Mary Baun, Millie Yeung, Peter Rossos, and Johane Allard

Telehealth Videoconferencing: Improving Home Parenteral Nutrition Patient Care to Rural Areas of Ontario, Canada
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2007 31: 234-239. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Telehealth facilitates the delivery of healthcare to remotely located patients. Through telehealth, home parenteral nutrition patients experience continuity of medical care, multidisciplinary support, and cost savings by remaining in their home community.

Techniques, Materials, Devices:

Charlene Compher, Stephen Rubesin, Bruce Kinosian, Julie Madaras, and David Metz

Noninvasive Measurement of Transit Time in Short Bowel Syndrome
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2007 31: 240-245. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Repeated measurement of transit time by noninvasive methods can be useful in research. This study compares 3 methods of measurement of transit time in patients with short bowel syndrome.

Reviews:

Woodae Kang and Kenneth A. Kudsk

Is There Evidence That the Gut Contributes to Mucosal Immunity in Humans?
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2007 31: 246-258. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
A common mucosal immunity is characterized by the feature that sensitized lymphocytes derived from gut-associated lymphoid tissue migrate to other anatomical mucosal sites via circulation and secrete IgA. Though this concept has evolved largely from animal studies, there exists considerable evidence that the human has gut-derived common mucosal immune system.

Editorials:

Charles W. Van Way, III

On Scientific Writing
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2007 31: 259-260. [Full Text] [PDF]  

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