Vars Award Recipient:

Mary E. Evans, Junqiang Tian, Li H. Gu, Dean P. Jones, and Thomas R. Ziegler

Dietary Supplementation With Orotate and Uracil Increases Adaptive Growth of Jejunal Mucosa After Massive Small Bowel Resection in Rats
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 315-321. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Supplementation for 7 days beginning 1 day after 80% resection stimulated proliferation and increased jejunal surface area when compared to resected rats consuming a standard diet. The growth-stimulatory effects of orotate were more potent than uracil in this model of short bowel syndrome.

Premier Research:

Nelly E. Avissar, Liana Toia, and Harry C. Sax

Epidermal Growth Factor and/or Growth Hormone Induce Differential, Side-Specific Signal Transduction Protein Phosphorylation in Enterocytes
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 322-336. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The Kinetworks phosphoprotein screening tool was used to investigate differential signal transduction pathways induced by side-specific application of growth factors and their combination to enterocytes. The synergism seen between the growth factors was not modulated by individual site-specific phosphorylation of EGFR tyrosines, activation of IGF1, Met, or ErbB2.

Ariel U. Spencer, Sunkyung Yu, Thomas F. Tracy, Moustafa M. Aouthmany, Adolfo Llanos, Morton B. Brown, Marilyn Brown, Robert J. Shulman, Ronald B. Hirschl, Patricia A. DeRusso, Jean Cox, Jacqueline Dahlgren, Peter J. Strouse, Jonathan I. Groner, and Daniel H. Teitelbaum

Parenteral Nutrition–Associated Cholestasis in Neonates: Multivariate Analysis of the Potential Protective Effect of Taurine
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 337-344. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Neonates receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) are at risk for PN-associated cholestasis. Whether taurine supplementation reduces the risk of cholestasis has not been proven clinically. Multivariate analysis of 236 neonates receiving PN with or without taurine demonstrated a clear reduction in conjugated bilirubin in neonates with prematurity or necrotizing enterocolitis receiving taurine.

Chikara Ueno, Kazuhiko Fukatsu, Yoshinori Maeshima, Tomoyuki Moriya, Eiji Shinto, Etsuko Hara, Hidetoshi Nagayoshi, Hoshio Hiraide, and Hidetaka Mochizuki

Dietary Restriction Compromises Resistance to Gut Ischemia-Reperfusion, Despite Reduction in Circulating Leukocyte Activation
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 345-352. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Gut ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) causes leukocyte-mediated tissue injury and is regarded as a triggering event in early multiple-organ failure. Dietary restriction blunted leukocyte activation after I/R in terms of reactive oxygen intermediate production, CD11b expression and intranuclear translocation of nuclear factor B but worsened survival in association with reduced organ glutathione levels.

Bryan Collier, Jose Diaz, Jr, Rachel Forbes, John Morris, Jr, Addison May, Jeffrey Guy, Asli Ozdas, William Dupont, Richard Miller, and Gordon Jensen

The Impact of a Normoglycemic Management Protocol on Clinical Outcomes in the Trauma Intensive Care Unit
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 353-359. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Hyperglycemic control was evaluated in 818 severely injured trauma patients. Four hundred thirty-five patients underwent a normoglycemic protocol that was titrated to 80–110 mg/dL. Glucose control, ventilator-associated pneumonia, soft-tissue infections, and mortality were examined. Hyperglycemia was associated with worse outcomes.

Original Communications:

Yuki Ito, Tetsuo Ando, and Toshitaka Nabeshima

Latent Copper Deficiency in Patients Receiving Low-Copper Enteral Nutrition for a Prolonged Period
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 360-366. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Almost all patients showed latent copper deficiency about 3 months after the start of enteral nutrition. However, only a few patients developed overt copper deficiency because the plasma copper levels declined when the copper stores of the body were depleted.

Mariur G. Beghetto, Josué Victorino, Luciana Teixeira, and Mirela J. de Azevedo

Parenteral Nutrition as a Risk Factor for Central Venous Catheter–Related Infection
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 367-373. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
In this prospective study conducted in a general university hospital, central venous catheter–related infection was evaluated in nonselected adult patients exposed and nonexposed to parenteral nutrition. In this cohort, parenteral nutrition was the only independent risk factor for central venous catheter–related infection.

Malcolm K. Robinson, Kris M. Mogensen, Gina F. Grudinskas, Sharon Kohler, and Danny O. Jacobs

Improved Care and Reduced Costs for Patients Requiring Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters: the Role of Bedside Ultrasound and a Dedicated Team
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 374-379. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are becoming a popular method for obtaining central venous access in hospitalized patients. This study indicates that a dedicated PICC placement team using bedside ultrasound technology improves the success rate of bedside placement, decreases patient wait time for PICC placement, and decreases placement costs.

Hui-Chen Lo, Ching-Hsiung Lin, and Ling-Jang Tsai

Effects of Hypercaloric Feeding on Nutrition Status and Carbon Dioxide Production in Patients With Long-Term Mechanical Ventilation
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 380-387. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
We assessed the effects of hypercaloric feeding (1.8-fold of resting energy expenditure) on anthropometric measurements, biochemical analysis, and energy expenditure in patients with mechanical ventilation. The results showed that hypercaloric feeding significantly increases CO₂ production. However, the unchanged results in clinical examinations may cover up the adverse effects of moderate hypercaloric feeding.

Techniques, Materials, Devices:

Andrew K. Roorda, Dean L. Rider, J. Alfred Rider, and Brigitte F. Conroy

Do pH and Temperature Play a Role in Gastrostomy Tube Deterioration?
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 388-391. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tubes often deteriorate prematurely. This study examines whether pH and temperature over time play a role in PEG tube longevity.

Editorials:

Charles W. Van Way, III

Do Individual Nutrients Affect Gene Expression?
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 392-393. [Full Text] [PDF]  

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