Original Communications:

Denise Bohrer, Paulo Cícero do Nascimento, Emilene Becker, Leandro Machado de Carvalho, and Morgana Dessuy

Arsenic Species in Solutions for Parenteral Nutrition
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 1-7. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Inorganic arsenic species can be found as contaminants in solutions for parenteral nutrition. As(V) predominates over As(III) in almost all formulations, except in those containing reducing agents as constituents.

Kalpesh Thakkar, C. Lawrence Kien, Judah I. Rosenblatt, and David N. Herndon

Diarrhea in Severely Burned Children
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 8-11. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Diarrhea is a frequent complication in children recovering from severe burns. This study provides preliminary evidence that the mechanism of diarrhea in our burn patients is not likely secondary to carbohydrate malabsorption while also showing that fluid intake does not correlate with stool volume.

Zeno Stanga, Urs Giger, Arthur Marx, and Mark H. DeLegge

Effect of Jejunal Long-Term Feeding in Chronic Pancreatitis
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 12-20. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Treatment regimens for patients with chronic pancreatitis often do not include aggressive nutritional support. Oral dietary education and management of this group of patients is often unsuccessful. The use of jejunal enteral access and long-term jejunal feeding in this patient population will result in a gain in weight, a reduction in narcotic utilization, and improvement in other gastrointestinal symptoms.

Miguel León-Sanz, Pedro P. García-Luna, Mercé Planas, Alejandro Sanz-París, Carmen Gómez-Candela, César Casimiro, and the Abbott SPAI-97–004 Study Cooperative Group

Glycemic and Lipid Control in Hospitalized Type 2 Diabetic Patients: Evaluation of 2 Enteral Nutrition Formulas (Low Carbohydrate-High Monounsaturated Fat vs High Carbohydrate)
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 21-29. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Low-carbohydrate, high-fat enteral nutrition (rich in monounsaturated fatty acid) produces a neutral effect on glycemic control and has a trend towards better control on triglycerides than a high-carbohydrate–low-fat diet. Moreover, intolerance caused by diarrhea was also lower in the first type of diet.

James M. Kiely, Jae-H. Noh, Henry A. Pitt, and Deborah A. Swartz-Basile

Impaired Intestinal Cell Proliferation and Cell Death in Leptin-Deficient Obese Mice
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 30-35. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Intestinal adaptation is characterized by mucosal hyperplasia, increased cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Leptin has been shown to function as a trophic factor in the adapting gut. Leptin-deficient obese mice had less cell proliferation and apoptosis in response to massive small-bowel resection compared to lean controls.

Nurcan Doruk, Belgin Buyukakilli, Sebnem Atici, Ismail Cinel, Leyla Cinel, Lulufer Tamer, Dincer Avlan, Egemen Bilgin, and Ugur Oral

The Effect of Preventive Use of Alanyl-Glutamine on Diaphragm Muscle Function in Cecal Ligation and Puncture-Induced Sepsis Model
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 36-43. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Effect of presepsis glutamine support on the function of diaphragmatic muscle was studied in a CLP induced sepsis model at 24^th, 48^th, and 72^nd hours. Changes were assessed by CMAP (compound muscle action potential), Ca⁺²-ATPase, reduced glutathione, and histopathological examination.

Laurence Genton, Kenneth A. Kudsk, Shannon R. Reese, and Shigeo Ikeda

Enteral Feeding Preserves Gut Th-2 Cytokines Despite Mucosal Cellular Adhesion Molecule-1 Blockade
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 44-47. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Enteral feeding overcomes reductions in mucosal immune cells caused by blockade of mucosal cellular adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) by maintaining normal levels of Th-2 type cytokines.

Hubert A. Prins, Catharina Meijer, Petra G. Boelens, Robert J. Nijveldt, Michiel P. C. Siroen, Sylvie Masson, Maryvonne Daveau, Michel Scotté, Jeroen Diks, and Paul A. M. van Leeuwen

The Role of Kupffer Cells After Major Liver Surgery
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 48-55. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Major liver surgery in Kupffer cell–depleted rats result in a more pronounced endotoxin-mediated systemic inflammation and decreased synthesis of cytokines.

Nutrition Week Scientific Abstracts:

CLINICAL NUTRITION WEEK 2005 Scientific Abstracts
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: S1-S48. [PDF]  

Brief Communications:

Koichi Okamoto, Kazuhiko Fukatsu, Chikara Ueno, Eiji Shinto, Yojiro Hashiguchi, Hidetoshi Nagayoshi, Hoshio Hiraide, and Hidetaka Mochizuki

T Lymphocyte Numbers in Human Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue Are Reduced Without Enteral Nutrition
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 56-58. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Colon cancer patients receiving preoperative enteral or parenteral nutrition were studied. Parenteral feeding reduced T-cell numbers in the lamina propria of terminal ileum specimens, as compared with enteral feeding.

Letters to the Editor:

David Frankenfield, J. Stanley Smith, Robert N. Cooney, and Carol Ireton-Jones

(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 59-60. [Full Text] [PDF]  

Editorials:

Charles W. Van Way, III

Patient Safety
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2005 29: 61-62. [Full Text] [PDF]  

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