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Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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2008 Research Workshop

Inflammation: Roles in Aging and Sarcopenia

Gordon L. Jensen, MD, PhD

From the Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.

Address correspondence to: Gordon L. Jensen, Professor and Head, Department of Nutritional Sciences, 126 Henderson South, University Park, PA 16802.

Aging is associated with inflammatory chronic conditions such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, and arthritis. Sarcopenia—muscle loss with aging—is multifactorial with contributing factors that may include loss of {alpha}-motor neuron input, changes in anabolic hormones, decreased intake of dietary protein, and decline in physical activity. Research findings suggest that sarcopenia is a smoldering inflammatory state driven by cytokines and oxidative stress. Elevated levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein are often detected. Sarcopenic obesity manifests the added inflammatory burden of adiposity and associated adipokines. Potential interventions for sarcopenia include nutritional supplements, physical activity/resistance exercise, caloric restriction, anabolic hormones, anti-inflammatory agents, and antioxidants. A key question is whether sarcopenia is truly a distinct syndrome or a milder form of a cachexia continuum.

Key Words: aging • sarcopenia • inflammation • muscle • obesity

Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Vol. 32, No. 6, 656-659 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0148607108324585
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