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Toxicity of a Soybean Oil Emulsion on Human Lymphocytes and Neutrophils
Maria Fernanda Cury-Boaventura*,
Renata Gorjão*,
Thaís Martins de Lima*,
Tatiane Maria Piva*,
Carmem Maldonado Peres, PhD*,
Francisco Garcia Soriano, PhD and
Rui Curi, PhD*
From the * Department of Physiology and
Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, and the
Division of Clinical Emergency, Faculty of
Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Correspondence: Maria Fernanda Cury-Boaventura, Department of Physiology and
Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 1524,
CEP 05508–900, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Electronic mail may be sent to
mafecury{at}icb.usp.br.
Background: The incorporation of lipid emulsions in parenteral
diets is a requirement for energy and essential fatty acid supply to
critically ill patients. In this study, the toxicity of a lipid emulsion rich
(60%) in triacylglycerol of  -6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on
leukocytes from healthy volunteers was investigated. Methods: Eleven
volunteers were recruited, and blood samples were collected before infusion of
a soybean oil emulsion, immediately afterwards, and 18 hours later. The cells
were studied immediately after isolation and again after 24 hours or 48 hours
in culture. The following determinations were made: composition and
concentration of fatty acids in plasma, lymphocytes and neutrophils,
lymphocyte proliferation, levels of cell viability, DNA fragmentation,
phosphatidylserine externalization, mitochondrial depolarization, reactive
oxygen species production, and neutral lipid accumulation. Results:
Soybean oil emulsion decreased lymphocyte proliferation and provoked
neutrophil and lymphocyte apoptosis and necrosis. Evidence is presented herein
that soybean oil emulsion is less toxic to neutrophils than to lymphocytes.
The mechanism of cell death induced by this oil emulsion was characterized by
mitochondrial membrane depolarization and neutral lipid accumulation but did
not alter reactive oxygen species production. Conclusions: Soybean
oil emulsion given as a single dose of 500 mL promotes lymphocyte and
neutrophil death that may enhance the susceptibility of the patients to
infections.
Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Vol. 30, No. 2,
115-123 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0148607106030002115
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