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Effect of Feeding-Tube Properties on Residual Volume Measurements in Tube-Fed Patients
Norma A. Metheny, RN, PhD, FAAN*,
Jena Stewart, RN, MSN*,
Gretel Nuetzel, RN, BSN*,
Dana Oliver, MPH and
Ray E. Clouse, MD
From the St. Louis University School of Nursing, St. Louis, Missouri;
Cancer Center, St. Louis University, St.
Louis, Missouri; and the Washington University
School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
Correspondence: Norma A. Metheny, RN, PhD, FAAN, St. Louis University School
of Nursing, 3525 Caroline Mall, St. Louis, MO 63104. Electronic mail may be
sent to
methenna{at}slu.edu.
Background: The effect of feeding tube size and port configuration
on the ability to measure gastric residual volume (GRV) is poorly understood.
In addition, there is confusion about the need to measure GRVs during feedings
into the small bowel. This study sought to (1) compare the volume of gastric
contents obtained from small-diameter feeding tubes and large-diameter sump
tubes concurrently positioned in the stomach and (2) describe the distribution
of GRVs during small-bowel feedings. Methods: For the first
objective, GRV measurements were made from 10-Fr tubes (n = 645) and
14-Fr or 18-Fr sump tubes (n = 645) concurrently present in 62
critically ill patients. Sixty-milliliter syringes were used to measure GRVs
from the 10-Fr tubes; the fluid was returned to the stomach and measurements
were repeated from the large-diameter sump tubes. To address the second
research objective, 890 GRV measurements were made from 14-Fr or 18-Fr gastric
sump tubes (not connected to suction) in 75 critically ill patients who were
receiving small-bowel feedings. Results: When GRVs were >50 mL, a
linear regression equation indicated that volumes obtained from the
large-diameter sump tubes were about 1.5 times greater than those obtained
from the small-diameter tubes concurrently present in the stomach, p
< .001. Gastric volumes  100 mL were found in 11.6% of the 890
measurements made in patients receiving small-bowel feedings; volumes 150
mL were found in 5.4% of the measurements. Conclusions: The findings
suggest that GRVs obtained from large-diameter sump tubes are about 1.5 times
greater than those obtained from 10-Fr tubes. Large GRVs occur in at least 5%
of patients receiving postpyloric feedings.
Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Vol. 29, No. 3,
192-197 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/0148607105029003192
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