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Medium-Chain, Triglyceride-Containing Lipid Emulsions Increase Human Neutrophil β 2 Integrin Expression, Adhesion, and Degranulation

Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Nijmegen, g.wanten{at}gastro.azn.nl

Theo B. H. Geijtenbeek, PhD

Department of Tumor Immunology, University Hospital, Nijmegen

Reinier A. P. Raymakers, MD, PhD

Deparmtent of Hematology, University Hospital, Nijmegen

Yvette van Kooyk, PhD

Department of Tumor Immunology, University Hospital, Nijmegen

Dirk Roos, PhD

CLB, Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, and Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Jan B. M. J. Jansen, MD, PhD

Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Nijmegen

Anton H. J. Naber, MD, PhD

Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Nijmegen

Background: To test the hypothesis that lipid emulsions with different triglyceride structures have distinct immunomodulatory properties, we analyzed human neutrophil adhesion and degranulation after lipid incubation. Meth ods: Neutrophils, isolated from the blood of 10 healthy volunteers, were incubated in medium or physiologic (2.5 mmol/L) emulsions containing long-chain (LCT), medium-chain (MCT), mixed LCT/MCT, or structured (SL) triglycerides. Expression of adhesion molecules and degranulation markers was evaluated by flow cytometry. Also, functional adhesion was investigated by means of a flow cytometric assay using fluorescent beads coated with the integrin ligand intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1. Results: Although LCT and SL had no effect, LCT/MCT significantly increased expression of the β ₂ integrins lymphocyte-function-associated antigen 1 (+18%), macrophage antigen 1 (+387%), p150,95 (+82%), and _Dβ₂ (+230%). Degranulation marker expression for azurophilic (CD63, +210%) and specific granules (CD66b, +370%) also significantly increased, whereas L-selectin (CD62L, -70%) decreased. The effects of LCT/MCT were mimicked by the MCT emulsion. ICAM-1 adhesion (% beads bound) was increased by LCT/MCT (34% ± 4%), whereas LCT (19% ± 3%) and SL (20% ± 2%) had no effect compared with medium (17% ± 3%). Conclusions: LCT/MCT and MCT, contrary to LCT and SL emulsions, increased neutrophil β₂ integrin expression, adhesion, and degranulation. Apart from other emulsion constituents, triglyceride chain length might therefore be a key feature in the interaction of lipid emulsions and the phagocyte immune system. (Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 24:228-233, 2000)

Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Vol. 24, No. 4, 228-233 (2000)
DOI: 10.1177/0148607100024004228


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