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Neither Intact nor Hydrolyzed Soy Proteins Elicit Intestinal Inflammation in Neonatal Piglets

Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Ruurd T. Zijlstra, PHD

Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Prairie Swine Centre Inc. PO Box 21057, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7H 5N9

Sharon M. Donovan, PHD

Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Jack Odle, PHD

Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, North Carolina State University, Box 7621, Raleigh, NC 27695-7621

Eric L. Lien, PHD

Wyeth Nutritionals International, Philadelphia

H. Rex Gaskins, PHD

Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Background: Efficacy of feeding hydrolyzed soy proteins to infants intolerant to cow milk proteins has not been determined fully. This study compared growth and intestinal responses of neonatal piglets fed formulas with hydrolyzed soy protein to piglets fed formulas with intact soy or cow milk (casein-whey) proteins. Methods: Piglets (n = 40, day 2 postpartum) were fed commercial milk replacer until day 7 postpartum (designated day 0) and then were assigned randomly to casein-whey (CW) or soy (intact, SI; hydrolyzed, SH) formulas to evaluate intestinal responses on days 0, 2, 5, and 10. Results: Average daily gain was higher for CW (121 g/d; p < .05) compared with SI piglets (85 g/d); SH pig weight gain was intermediate (109 g/d). Villus height-to-crypt depth ratio in proximal jejunum was lower (p < .05) on day 2 than day 0 in soy-fed pigs and lower (p < .05) on day 5 than day 0 in CW pigs. Mucosal mast cells were generally higher in CW pigs compared with soy-fed pigs. Villus goblet cell numbers in the midjejunum of SH-fed piglets were lower (p < .05) on day 5 compared with day 0. On day 5, crypt goblet cell numbers were higher (p < .05) in the midjejunum of CW-fed piglets compared with SH-fed piglets with numbers intermediate for SI-fed piglets. Intestinal differences were not detected among dietary treatments for major histocompatibility complex class I and II gene expression, tissue concentrations of prostaglandin E ₂, or CD8^- T-cell numbers. Conclusions: Hydrolyzed soy proteins do not elicit intestinal inflammatory responses in piglets and may be viable alternatives to milk and intact soy proteins for feeding infants. (Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 22:91-97, 1998)

Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Vol. 22, No. 2, 91-97 (1998)
DOI: 10.1177/014860719802200291


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