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Immunologic Effects of Acute Hyperglycemia in Nondiabetic Rats

Nutrition and Infection Laboratory, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Department of Surgery, Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital, Cooperstown, New York

Pei Ra Ling, MD

Nutrition and Infection Laboratory, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston

Erin Lydon, BS

Nutrition and Infection Laboratory, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston

Amy Imrich, BS

Respiratory Biology Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston

Zhensheng Qu, MD

Nutrition and Infection Laboratory, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston

John Palombo, DSc

Nutrition and Infection Laboratory, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston

Bruce R. Bistrian, MD, PHD

Nutrition and Infection Laboratory, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston

Background: This study was designed to determine the consequences of acute hyperglycemia on the immune function of peripheral neutrophils, peritoneal macrophages, and alveolar macrophages in nondiabetic rats. Methods: The animals were randomly divided into nonsurgical (normal) and surgical groups. The postoperative rats were further divided into normoglycemic (control) and hyperglycemic (glucose) groups. The hyperglycemic condition was maintained by constant infusion of glucose to raise plasma glucose concentration to 300 mg/ dL for 3 hours. The immune cells were then harvested to determine their phagocytic and oxidative capacities via flow cytometry. Results: The results showed that hyperglycemia significantly decreased the respiratory burst of alveolar macrophages (p < .05). In contrast, hyperglycemia enhanced phagocytosis in these cells (p < .002). There was a significant activation of the respiratory burst in peripheral neutrophils by surgery (p < .002), but no effect of hyperglycemia. Conclusions: We conclude that hyperglycemia itself can influence immune function in some phagocytic cells, which may be an important factor in postsurgical infection. (Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 21:91-95, 1997)

Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Vol. 21, No. 2, 91-95 (1997)
DOI: 10.1177/014860719702100291


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