This Article Full Text (PDF) References Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Raina, N. Articles by Jeejeebhoy, K. N. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Raina, N. Articles by Jeejeebhoy, K. N. Pubmed/NCBI databases Compound via MeSH Substance via MeSH Social Bookmarking                         What's this?

Gastrointestinal, Hepatic, and Metabolic Effects of Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition in Rats Infused With Tumor Necrosis Factor

Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Ross G. Cameron, MD, PHD

Department of Pathology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Khursheed N. Jeejeebhoy, MBBS, PHD

Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Background: We previously showed that continuous infusion of tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) in orally fed rats caused weight and muscle wasting mainly because of anorexia. However, when we tried to prevent weight loss by giving total parenteral nutrition (TPN), TNF-infused rats developed hyperglycemia, azotemia, and hepatic abnormalities. The present study was designed to determine whether the enteral (ENT) feeding resulted in fewer complications than parenteral (TPN) feeding in TNF-infused rats (100 µg/kg/d). Methods: Forty-two rats were randomly allocated to four groups as follows: controls: TPN and ENT, and TNF-infused: TPN + TNF and ENT + TNF. All groups received the same liquid defined formula diet either enterally or parenterally (isocaloric and isonitrogenous). Twenty-six rats were used for studies of body composition and metabolism and 16 for vascular permeability. Results: TPN + TNF and ENT + TNF rats showed significantly increased liver weights and significantly reduced carcass weights compared with controls. A significant reduction in the muscle weights and total protein, as well as hyperglycemia, azotemia, and abnormal liver enzymes was also seen in ENT+TNF rats compared with ENT rats. The gastric and small intestinal mucosa was inflamed in the ENT+TNF but not in the ENT, TPN+TNF, and TPN rats. The plasma TNF levels determined by bioassay were significantly increased in the TPN + TNF and ENT+TNF rats compared with controls. There was increased vascular permeability in the stomach and small and large intestine in the ENT+TNF rats compared with ENT rats. No significant changes in vascular permeability were seen in TPN and TPN+TNF rats. Conclusions: ENT, but not TPN, resulted in prominent changes in the body composition and marked metabolic effects in the TNF-infused rats. (Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 21:007-013, 1997)

Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Vol. 21, No. 1, 7-13 (1997)
DOI: 10.1177/014860719702100107


CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				K. N. Jeejeebhoy Permissive Underfeeding of the Critically Ill Patient Nutr Clin Pract, October 1, 2004; 19(5): 477 - 480. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K.A. Kles, M.A. Wallig, and K.A. Tappenden Luminal Nutrients Exacerbate Intestinal Hypoxia in the Hypoperfused Jejunum JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr, September 1, 2001; 25(5): 246 - 253. [Abstract] [PDF]

				F. Briet and K. N Jeejeebhoy Effect of hypoenergetic feeding and refeeding on muscle and mononuclear cell activities of mitochondrial complexes I-IV in enterally fed rats Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2001; 73(5): 975 - 983. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Shi, C. Cherbut, S. B. des Varannes, C. Roze, and J. P. Galmiche Does the Route of Feeding Modify Gastric Emptying in Rats? JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr, May 1, 2000; 24(3): 164 - 169. [Abstract] [PDF]

				N. Raina, J. Matsui, and K. N Jeejeebhoy Nutritional and metabolic effects of the endotoxin bacterial lipopolysaccharide in orally and parenterally fed rats Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2000; 71(3): 835 - 843. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Raina, J. Lamarre, C.-C. Liew, A. H. Lofti, and K. N. Jeejeebhoy Effect of nutrition on tumor necrosis factor receptors in weight-gaining and -losing rats Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, September 1, 1999; 277(3): E464 - E473. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Lund, L. Kang, N. Tygstrup, A. W. Wolkoff, and P. Ott Effects of LPS on transport of indocyanine green and alanine uptake in perfused rat liver Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, July 1, 1999; 277(1): G91 - G100. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. R. Difalco, L. Dufresne, and L. F. Congote Efficacy of an Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Interleukin-3 Fusion Protein in Reversing the Hematopoietic Toxicity Associated with Azidothymidine in Mice J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., February 1, 1998; 284(2): 449 - 454. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				B. R. Bistrian Effects of Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition in Rats Infused With Tumor Necrosis Factor JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr, September 1, 1997; 21(5): 305 - 305. [PDF]