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Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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The Influence of Parenteral Glutamine and Branched-Chain Amino Acids on Total Parenteral Nutrition—Induced Atrophy of the Gut

Cameron Platell, PHD

University Department of Surgery, Royal Perth Hospital, Australia

Rosalie Mccauley, PHD

University Department of Surgery, Royal Perth Hospital, Australia

Ross Mcculloch, PHD

University Department of Surgery, Royal Perth Hospital, Australia

John Hall, FRACS

University Department of Surgery, Royal Perth Hospital, Australia

We tested the hypothesis that the provision of glutamine and branched-chain amino acids would reverse the gut atrophy that accompanies parenteral nutrition. Three hundred seventy-five rats were randomized into 15 groups to receive either conventional parenteral nutrition, rat food, glutamine-enriched parenteral nutrition (0.5% to 2.5%), branched-chain amino acid-enriched parenteral nutrition (0.8% to 2.0%), or glutamine plus branched-chain amino acid-enriched parenteral nutrition (0.5%/0.4% to 1.25%/1/0%). When compared with effects of conventional parenteral nutrition, the infusion of either glutamine or branched-chain amino acids partially reversed, in a dose-dependent manner, atrophy of the small bowel as assessed by gut weight (p < .05), mucosal weight (p < .05), villous height (p < .05), crypt cell production rate (p < .05), and mucosal protein concentration (p < .05). There was no effect on the large bowel. These results suggest that the parenteral infusion of either glutamine or branched-chain amino acids partially reverses the small-bowel atrophy that is associated with the infusion of solutions of conventional parenteral nutrients. (Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 17:348-354, 1993)

Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Vol. 17, No. 4, 348-354 (1993)
DOI: 10.1177/0148607193017004348
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