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Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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The Effect of Increasing Levels of Fish Oil-Containing Structured Triglycerides on Protein Metabolism in Parenterally Fed Rats Stressed by Burn Plus Endotoxin

Catherine J. Gollaher, PHD

Laboratory of Nutrition/Infection, Cancer Research Institute, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston

Krista Fechner, BS

Laboratory of Nutrition/Infection, Cancer Research Institute, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston

Michael Karlstad, PHD

Laboratory of Nutrition/Infection, Cancer Research Institute, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Department of Anesthesia, University of Tennessee Medical Center, 1924 Alcoa Highway, Knoxville, TN 37920

Vigen K. Babayan, PHD

Laboratory of Nutrition/Infection, Cancer Research Institute, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston

Bruce R. Bistrian, MD, PHD

Laboratory of Nutrition/Infection, Cancer Research Institute, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston

This report investigates the effect of various levels of medium-chain/fish oil structured triglycerides on protein and energy metabolism in hypermetabolic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (192 to 226 g) were continuously infused with isovolemic diets that provided 200 kcal/kg per day and 2 g of amino acid nitrogen per kilogram per day. The percentage of nonnitrogen calories as structured triglyceride was varied: no fat, 5%, 15%, or 30%. A 30% long-chain triglyceride diet was also provided as a control to compare the protein-sparing abilities of these two types of fat. Nitrogen excretion, plasma albumin, plasma triglycerides, and whole-body and liver and muscle protein kinetics were determined after 3 days of feeding. Whole-body protein breakdown, flux, and oxidation were similar in all groups. The 15% structured triglyceride diet maximized whole-body protein synthesis (p < .05). Liver fractional synthetic rate was significantly greater in animals receiving 5% of nonprotein calories as structured triglyceride (p < .05). Muscle fractional synthetic rate was unchanged. Plasma triglycerides were markedly elevated in the 30% structured triglyceride-fed rats. The 30% structured triglyceride diet maintained plasma albumin levels better than those diets containing no fat, 5% medium-chain triglyceride/fish oil structured triglycerides, or 30% long-chain triglycerides. Nitrogen excretion was lower in animals receiving 30% of nonnitrogen calories as a structured triglyceride than in those receiving 30% as long-chain triglycerides, but this difference did not reach statistical significance (p = .1). These data suggest that protein metabolism is optimized when structured triglyceride is provided at relatively low dietary fat intakes. (Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 17:247-253, 1993)

Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Vol. 17, No. 3, 247-253 (1993)
DOI: 10.1177/0148607193017003247
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