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Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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Effects of a Fish Oil Diet on Pigs' Cardiopulmonary Response to Bacteremia

Michael J. Murray, M.D., PH.D.

Critical Care and Nutrition Support Services, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Department of Medicine and Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester

Bruce A. Svingen, PH.D.

Department of Chemistry, Winona State University, Winona

Ralph T. Holman, PH.D.

The Hormel Institute, Austin, Minnesota

Tony L. Yaksh, PH.D.

Department of Neurosurgical Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester

Since an {omega}3 fatty acid (FA) diet may have beneficial effects in inflammatory processes, we tested the hypothesis that the physiologic response to sepsis could be modified by altering the eicosanoid precursor pool via an {omega}3 FA diet. Two groups (n = 8) of pigs were prefed for 8 days either an {omega}3 FA or an w6 FA diet (Weaner Pig Feed with either menhaden or corn oil to produce a eucaloric feed with 15% fat) and then injected with live Escherichia coli. The w3 FA diet increased the concentration of eicosapentainoic acid (EPA, 20:5{omega}3) in plasma lipids, and increased the ratio of EPA to arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4{omega}6) in platelets from 1:20 to 1:1 over the 8 days. Following the injection of bacteria, there was a fall in PaO 2 and blood pressure that was attenuated (p < 0.05) by the {omega}3 FA diet. The {omega}3 FA diet, compared to the {omega}6 FA diet, also attenuated the rise in thromboxane B2 (3.0 ± 1.1 vs 12.9 ± 5.7 ng/mL) and 6 keto-PGF 1{alpha} (0.8 ± 0.5 vs 1.7 ± 1.1 ng/mL) associated with bacteremia. We conclude that dietary {omega}3 FA attenuated the physiologic response to sepsis, possibly by modifying arachidonic acid metabolism. (Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 15:152-158, 1991)

Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Vol. 15, No. 2, 152-158 (1991)
DOI: 10.1177/0148607191015002152
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